Shades of Green

Direction of the Swedish Forest Innovation System 1970-2020

Jonas Kreutzer

2023-09-28

Three Visions for a Bioeconomy

Bio-Technology Vision

Bio-Resource Vision

Bio-Ecology Vision

Bugge et al. (2016)

Research Questions

  1. How innovative is the Swedish forest bioeconomy?
  2. What visions of a bioeconomy are represented?
  3. What eco-innovations are developed?

Data

SWINNO – A Swedish Innovation Output Database with 4972 Innovations

5 Year MA and Yearly

Sjöö et al. (2014)

Bioeconomy Innovation Definition

Using producer / user codes

SNI Code Description
02 Forestry and related services
20 Wood and wood product manufacturing except furniture
21 Pulp, paper and paper product manufacturing
36 Furniture manufacturing; other manufacturing

Adding keywords of value chain

- "virke",
- "cellulos",
- "lignin",
- "spån", 
- "bark",
- "levulinsyra" (Levulinic acid),
- "furfural" (Furfural),
- "svarttjära",
- "svartlut",
- "växtbas",
- "ved",
- "trä",
- "skog",
- "papper",
- "biobränsle",
- "biologiskt",
- "nedbrytbar",
- "papper",
- "pappret",
- "karton",
- "tencel",

based on Wolfslehner et al. (2016)

Count of Bioeconomy Innovation

Uncleaned 5 Year MA and Yearly

817{.text-royal-blue-400} Total Innovations in Forest Bioeconomy (Uncleaned)

Share of Bioeconomy Innovation

Uncleaned 5 Year MA and Yearly

Bioeconomy Vision Classification

Bugge et al. (2016)

Biotechnology Bioresource Bioecology
Aim & Objectives Economic growth & job creation Economic growth & sustainability Sustainability, biodiversity, conservation of ecosystems, avoiding soil degradation
Value Creation Application of biotechnology, commercialisation of research & technology Conversion and upgrading of bio-resources (process oriented) Development of integrated production systems and high-quality products with territorial identity
Drivers & mediators of innovation R & D, patents, TTOs, Research councils and funders (Science push, linear model) Interdisciplinary, optimisation of land use, include degraded land in the production of biofuels, use and availability of bio-resources, waste management, engineering, science & market (Interactive & networked production mode) Identification of favourable organic agro-ecological practices, ethics, risk, transdisciplinary sustainability, ecological interactions, re-use & recycling of waste, land use, (Circular and self-sustained production mode)

Bioeconomy Vision Classification

Vivien et al. (2019)

Type II Type III Type I
A science-based economy driven by industrial biotechnology Biomass replaces fossil fuels and mining to produce energy and materials An ecological economy, that is compatible with the biosphere
The cell is a factory Biorefining at the heart of ecological transition (multilevel perspective). Counter-expertise rather than concrete technical solutions
Criticism from social groups who remain at the margins of decisionmaking centers

Preliminary Results

after 541 unique forest innovations classified

Eco Innovations

Uncertain Cases

References

Bugge, M. M., Hansen, T., & Klitkou, A. (2016). What Is the Bioeconomy? A Review of the Literature. Sustainability, 8(7), 691. https://doi.org/10.3390/su8070691
Sjöö, K., Taalbi, J., Kander, A., & Ljungberg, J. (2014). A Database of Swedish Innovations, 1970-2007. Lund Papers in Economic History, General Issues(133), 77.
Vivien, F.-D., Nieddu, M., Befort, N., Debref, R., & Giampietro, M. (2019). The Hijacking of the Bioeconomy. Ecological Economics, 159, 189–197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2019.01.027
Wolfslehner, B., Linser, S., Pülzl, H., Bastrup-Birk, A., Camia, A., & Marchetti, M. (2016). Forest bioeconomy - a new scope for sustainability indicators (European Forest Institute, Ed.; From Science to Policy) [From {{Science}} to {{Policy}}]. European Forest Institute. https://doi.org/10.36333/fs04

Appendix

Count of Bioeconomy Visions

Vision Count
No Bioeconomy Vision 295
Bioresource Vision 218
Bioecology Vision 61
Biotechnology Vision 31